插入库存机器人技术，现在就可以发货

Everybody know what a robot is but ask 3 different people and you’ll get 4 different definitions. Wikipedia defines a robot as

A machine—especially one programmable by a computer—capable of carrying out a complex series of actions automatically.

机器人用于包装中，用于各种应用程序，包括托盘，箱子包装，填充，线加载，标签，排序和堆叠等等。

Some of the key parameters to be considered when selecting a robot for any operation:

Floor space– Most robots must be enclosed in a cage or protective guarding large enough to assure that it cannot ever reach outside the safety perimeter. Even if the robot’s normal range of motion is limited, the cage still needs to contain the maximum possible. NOTE: This does not normally apply to collaborative robots.

速度——通常用在机器人速度ches per second. Generally, the heavier the load, the slower the robot will move.

Load capacity– The normal and maximum possible weight that the robot must handle must be considered.

所需的自由度 - 自由度是机器人一次可以移动的方向数量。需要六个自由度才能从任何角度达到任何体积的任何位置。人的手臂具有6个自由度。它通常是机器人臂中关节数量的函数。

包装中常用的五种类型的机器人：

Articulated arm- 铰接式手臂机器人有各种尺寸，以将盎司升至数百磅。他们可以拥有六个或更高的自由度，并且对于执行每天可能有很大差异的复杂任务很有用。

SCARA (Selective Compliance Assembly Robot Arm) –圣嘉机器人通常具有3度的自由度X-Y-Z。他们可以在重复的任务上高速操作，例如将糖果放入热音相机中。

Delta –Delta机器人通常如图所示。它们具有3个自由度，X-Y-Z，但可以具有额外的自由度，例如在手臂末端增加旋转。他们能够以非常高的速度运行。从皮带上摘下饼干，将它们放在150ppm +的流动包装纸上，这是儿童的三角洲游戏。

Gantry –龙门机器人，也称为笛卡尔机器人，由2条轨道组成，支撑第三条轨道。第三条导轨在X轴上横穿2条支撑导轨。在第三条轨道上安装的头部在Y轴上延伸。将头安装在Y导轨上，并具有使其在Z轴上上下移动的机构。安装在Z臂底部的“手腕”可以提供额外的自由度。

Collaborative– Collaborative robots are robots designed to operate without the safety guarding normally required by other robots. SAFETY NOTE: This is application dependent and safety guarding may sometimes be required.

Robots are just another machine that is available to automate industrial and other processes. Their biggest advantages are their versatility and standardization. Robots are mass produced in large numbers which means that their cost is low compared to purpose built machines performing similar functions.

Case packing, placing a carton, bag, bottle or other package in a corrugated case, is a natural for robots. SCARA and delta style robots may be used in some applications but 6-Axis or articulated arm robots are more common. Their low cost, reach, freedom of movement, and size makes them a natural.

机器人盒包装器的常见配置使用2个输送机。用手或机器竖起案件，并运送到机器人附近的登台站。同时，该产品在附近的车站上演。所有3个，机器人和2个登台站的近距离都可以是机器人旅行。较短的旅行意味着更快的周期时间，机器人的磨损更少，整体足迹较小。

Where possible, product should be staged in its final packing format. If bottles are to be packed in a 4X3 pattern, the conveyor can be divided into 3 lanes before the staging station. A backpressure relief mechanism isolates the 4 bottles at the end of each lane. The robot, with an appropriate gripper, picks up 12 bottles at a time and places them in the case. The case is released to the case closer/sealer.

Additional speed can be achieved in some applications by using a larger robot to pick 24 bottles at once. An articulated gripper spaces them so they can be placed in 2 cases simultaneously.

It is possible to pick 4 bottles at a time from a single lane but this will require 3 cycles of the robot and each placing position will be slightly different.

6轴机器人的一个优点是一个机器人可能能够包装2条单独的线条。每条线的外壳和瓶子登台区与中心的机器人保持不变。当机器人加载一个情况时，另一行的案例和产品正在分阶段。

对于6轴机器人来说，有些线可能太快了。三角洲和圣棒机器人可以运行得更快，并且可能是这些应用程序的解决方案。与6轴机器人相比，它们的范围可能有限。

机器人托盘剂

Palletizing, placing cases, pails or bags onto shipping pallets is a prime candidate for automation. It’s a simple task that anyone with a strong back can perform. The problem is that people with strong backs, willing to do that kind of work, are somewhat difficult to find and keep. It also puts a lot of wear and tear on those strong backs which can result in excess worker’s compensation claims.

Traditional palletizers, such as this one by Columbia tend to be big, bulky and complex, requiring lots of maintenance. They tend to be purpose built and may require modification to handle a different type of product.

多轴机器人，例如Frain的Fanuc机器人，是现代的托盘解决方案。机器人在托盘方面具有太多优势，很少有理由考虑任何选择。这些机器人每年建造数以万计的机器人，可能可以在架子上使用。唯一需要的自定义是编程和手臂工具的末端。

Programming used to be complex but has become simpler every year. It is now within the skillset of the typical maintenance department. Some robots can even be “taught” what to do by an operator manually moving the robot through the task, recording the movement.

End of arm tooling are key to any successful robot. These used to be custom built, could cost as much as the basic robot and took time to deliver. Now many standard designs covering most applications are available off the shelf from a number of suppliers. Typical palletizing applications use suction cups for cases, forks for bags or mechanical grippers for heavy or odd shaped products. Some applications have multiple effectors so that a fork can be used to handle bags. Then, after placing a layer, the robot picks and places a slip-sheet using suction cups before using the forks again to place the next layer of bags

In some instances, a single robot may be mounted between 2 packaging lines alternately palletizing 2 different products onto their pallets.

Collaborative robots may be able to eliminate the need to guarding. This opens the possibility of portable palletizers. These are mounted on either a wheeled or forkable base for easy movement to wherever they are needed.

Best of all, if the robot palletizer becomes surplus, it can readily be reconfigured to a thousand and one other, non-palletizing, tasks.

看来，这些天我没有看到有关机器人的另一篇文章。特别是关于机器人将在几年内接管所有工作的方式。但似乎机器人和自动化在公众眼中变得困惑。自动化比机器人要多得多。

我们知道在Frain机器人。我们与他们合作每一个day. With more than 8,000 automated machines in stock, we also know about automation.

Robots are great for a lot of things. They are particularly useful when flexibility is required. Since they are standardized, they can be built in quantity, making them less and less expensive. There are a lot of packaging applications for robots.

也有一些缺点。速度是一个。尝试找到一个可以在400ppm上盖瓶的机器人。复杂性是另一种。他们需要编程，这是一项专业技能。一些公司和某些地理位置无法访问这些技能。旨在一般使用的机器人可能永远不像用于特定用途的机器目的一样好。

Robots can take up considerable space. The robot itself may be compact and may actually only work in a limited area. Moving cartons from the line to a case, for example. Guarding must be provided for all possible areas where the robot could reach.

Note the amount of unused area relative to the working area in the picture below. A dedicated automatic machine with the same function might occupy 20-30% of that space.

Dedicated automatic machinery my not be as versatile as a robot but it will probably be better at what it does. It will certainly, in many instances, be faster. Lines running 1200 bottles a minute are no problem for standard fillers, cappers, labelers etc but no robot could ever keep up.

I’ve been hearing how automation was going to take all jobs since I was a kid. I’ve been hearing how robots were going to take all jobs since the 70’s. What we are hearing today is nothing new and nothing bad.

Automation, whether by purpose designed machines or flexible robots means more efficiency and that’s good for everyone.